What field studies the arrangement of physical features on the earth?

The field that studies the arrangement of physical features on Earth is geography. Geography encompasses the examination of spatial relationships, patterns, and processes related to both natural and human-made environments. It looks at how physical features such as mountains, rivers, and ecosystems interact with human activities and cultural practices.

Geography helps us understand the location and distribution of various elements on the planet, making it crucial for planning, environmental management, and understanding human impact on the earth's surface. This broad discipline combines techniques and concepts from both the physical and social sciences, allowing for a comprehensive view of how diverse physical features are organized and influence one another.

In contrast, cartography specifically focuses on the creation and study of maps, rather than the arrangement of features themselves. Geology is concerned primarily with the Earth's materials, processes, and history, while ecology studies the interactions between organisms and their environment. Although all these fields are interconnected, geography is uniquely positioned to address the spatial arrangement and organization of Earth's physical features.